Deciphering vital data related to human blood pressure

    As we all know, among various ring products, the technology for monitoring blood pressure（BP）is unique to lefy. Blood pressure is an important vital sign of the human body and is related to several key health indicators.

    Today, let's learn with lefy about the "secrets" of the body associated with BP. Explore the following human health data related to BP together. 

 Ⅰ.Blood Sugar

· Relationship：

     Hypertension(HTN) and high blood sugar often coexist and influence each other. Long-term high BP can damage vascular endothelial cells, affecting insulin secretion and action, leading to abnormal glucose regulation and increasing the risk of diabetes. Diabetes patients, due to long-term elevated blood sugar, can also damage blood vessels, exacerbate HTN, and increase the incidence of cardiovascular complications.

· Importance: 

    Blood sugar levels reflect the state of glucose metabolism in the body. Abnormal blood sugar can cause multi-system damage, such as diabetic retinopathy affecting vision, diabetic nephropathy leading to renal failure, and diabetic neuropathy causing abnormal limb sensation and movement.

  Ⅱ.Cholesterol Relationship

· Relationship：

    HTN is also closely related to high cholesterol. High cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis, reducing vascular elasticity and narrowing the lumen, which in turn worsens HTN. At the same time, HTN patients, due to damaged vascular endothelium, are also prone to lipid deposition on the vessel wall, exacerbating hyperlipidemia.

· Importance:

    Cholesterol mainly includes total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Abnormal cholesterol levels increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke. For example, elevated LDL-C, especially when it is high, is one of the main risk factors for atherosclerosis.

  Ⅲ.Heart Rate

· Relationship:

     BP and heart rate influence each other. An increased heart rate shortens the diastolic period of the heart, resulting in reduced return blood volume and increased cardiac output, thereby raising BP. HTN patients may experience a reflexive increase in heart rate due to increased cardiac burden. Additionally, some antihypertensive drugs can affect heart rate while lowering BP.

· Importance:

     Heart rate reflects the functional status of the heart. The normal heart rate range is generally 60 - 100 beats per minute. A heart rate that is too fast or too slow may indicate a problem with the heart, such as arrhythmia or heart failure.

  Ⅳ.Body Weight (BMI)

· Relationship:

     Obesity is an important risk factor for HTN. Weight gain, especially abdominal obesity, leads to fat accumulation in the body, causing insulin resistance, sympathetic nerve excitation, etc., which in turn raises BP. At the same time, controlling weight through lifestyle changes can help reduce BP in HTN patients.

· Importance:

     Body mass index (BMI) is a commonly used indicator for measuring the degree of obesity. BMI = weight (kg) / height² (m²), with a normal range usually between 18.5 - 23.9. Obesity not only increases the risk of HTN but is also closely related to diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases.

  Ⅴ.Renal Function Indicators (such as creatinine and urea nitrogen)

· Relationship:

     HTN can damage kidney function; long-term HTN can lead to renal arteriole sclerosis, glomerular atrophy, etc., causing a gradual decline in renal function. Kidney diseases can also cause renal HTN, i.e., elevated BP caused by kidney diseases.

· Importance:

     Renal function indicators reflect the excretory and metabolic functions of the kidneys. Elevated creatinine and urea nitrogen levels indicate impaired kidney function. Early detection of renal function abnormalities is crucial for the treatment of HTN and prevention of complications.